Part 3: Era of Mass Migrations & Nationalisms (1836-1912) Takeaways
There were three important waves of Jewish migration into the U.S. and Canada during this era:
Ashkenazi immigrants from German lands (1820s-1870s)
Ashkenazi Jews from Eastern Europe and Eastern Sephardim from the Ottoman Empire (1880s-1920s); and
Jews from the Caribbean making their way north (1820s-1920s).
In Latin America, there were only a handful of Jewish immigrants prior to 1889, when Eastern European and Eastern Sephardic Jews began to arrive en masse. While the majority of Eastern Sephardic Jews arriving in the U.S. in this era were from Turkey and Greece, Morocco and Syria were important feeder communities for Latin America.
Ashkenazi synagogues now outweighed Sephardic congregations. The Reform movement took root in the United States and Caribbean.
Jewish newspapers helped spread messages about both traditional and Reform Judaism and encouraged readers to envision a Diasporic Jewish self.
Jews were increasingly depicted as a racial other or second-class whites with physical differences.
